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A fluid chart showing a positive fluid balance.
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Abdominal distension (ascites) and peripheral oedema.A fluid chart showing a negative fluid balance.Increased output from wounds and drains.Decreased GCS may be noted if the patient is significantly volume depleted.Increased respiratory rate (>20 breaths per minute)įindings suggestive of hypovolaemia include:įindings suggestive of hypovolaemia include.biliary drain, pancreatic drain)Ĭlinical examination and review of clinical monitoring Airwayįindings suggestive of hypervolaemia include: Assess if the patient’s fluid intake been adequate.vital signs, fluid balance). Your clinical examination and review of available clinical monitoring should be performed using the ABCDE approach, with a focus on the patient’s fluid status. The initial assessment involves assessing the patient’s likely fluid and electrolyte needs from their history, clinical examination and available clinical monitoring (e.g. To decide what fluids to prescribe, we need to carry out an initial assessment, as discussed in the next section. When prescribing IV fluids, remember the 5 Rs: albumin, Gelofusine)Ĭolloids are used less often than crystalloid solutions as they carry a risk of anaphylaxis and research has shown that crystalloids are superior in initial fluid resuscitation. Colloids: solutions of larger organic molecules (e.g.Crystalloids: solutions of small molecules in water (e.g.IV fluids can be categorised into 2 major groups: You might also be interested in our OSCE Flashcard Collection which contains over 2000 flashcards that cover clinical examination, procedures, communication skills and data interpretation.